Marjorie Garber and Nancy J. Vickers, eds.
The Medusa Reader, edited by Marjorie Garber and Nancy J. Vickers, is a comprehensive anthology of excerpted references to Medusa in literature and art, beginning with Homer in Books 5 and 11 of The Iliad and concluding with Gianni Versace’s selection of her image as the symbol for the House of Versace. The anthology traces Medusa’s evolution from a beauty turned monster into a feminist symbol of woman’s empowerment, rage, and anger at the patriarchy. The selections are organized chronologically and include excerpts from writings of the classics through the Renaissance to the modern era.
The myth of Medusa, her story of rape by Poseidon, decapitation by Perseus, and Athena’s revenge on the victim, is interpreted in a variety of ways throughout the ages. Every aspect of the myth is explored: her rape, decapitation, the snakes in her hair, her ability to turn into stone those who look upon her face, Perseus’ use of the mirror, and Athena’s use of her image on her shield. These explorations take the form of poems, selections from critical essays, psychoanalysis, pictorial images, theatre productions, and political appropriations. The feminist poems and feminist interpretations were particularly interesting since they turn misogynistic readings of the past upside down by claiming Medusa as a powerful symbol of deterrence against patriarchal attacks on womanhood. The collection includes an extensive bibliography for further reading.
Although some of the excerpts were short and needed a clearer context, the work is recommended for its comprehensive exploration of Medusa through the ages, an exploration that reveals as much about each age as it does about the myth.